A new study offers compelling evidence that a novel form of the dangerous superbug Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) can. MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) now contributes to more US deaths than does HIV, and as its threat level has risen, so has the attention lavished on it by the media. At this point, almost any move the bug makes is likely to show up in your local paper.

Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus, commonly known as MRSA, is a form of contagious bacterial infection. People sometimes call it a superbug because it is resistant to numerous antibiotics. This resistance makes it challenging to treat.MRSA is present in about of inpatients in the United States, and people carry Staphylococcus aureus (staph) bacteria on their skin or in their nose.These bacteria do not usually cause a problem, but if they enter the body and lead to an infection, it can become serious. A person may develop or, for example, which can be fatal.In healthy people, MRSA does not usually cause a severe infection, but older people, individuals with health conditions, and those with a weakened immune system may be at risk.Experts consider this infection to be a “serious” threat. If it develops resistance to other, it will be harder to treat and may become an “urgent” threat.In this article, find out what MRSA is, why it happens, and why it causes concern.What is a superbug? Click to learn more. Actions such as regular hand washing can reduce the risk of MRSA spreading.MRSA is a common and potentially serious infection that has to several types of antibiotics.

These include methicillin and related antibiotics, such as, vancomycin, and oxacillin. This resistance makes MRSA difficult to treat.Methicillin is an antibiotic that is related to penicillin.

It was once effective against Staphylococci (staph), a type of bacteria.Over time, staph bacteria have developed a resistance to penicillin-related antibiotics, including methicillin. These resistant bacteria are called methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus, or MRSA.Although doctors can no longer use methicillin to treat MRSA, this does not mean that the infection is untreatable. Some antibiotics are effective in treating it.What is antibiotic resistance? The type of treatment for MRSA will depend on the following factors:. the type and location of the infection. the severity of the symptoms. the antibiotics to which the strain of MRSA respondsThe bacteria that cause MRSA are resistant to some but not all antibiotics.

A doctor will prescribe medication that is suitable for the particular infection that occurs.A person should make sure that they take the whole course of antibiotics exactly as the doctor prescribes. Some people stop taking the drugs after the symptoms disappear, but this can increase the risk of the infection coming back and becoming resistant to treatment.

MRSA results from infection with bacterial strains that have acquired resistance to particular antibiotics. MRSA is contagiousMRSA can spread from person to person through direct skin-to-skin contact or when a person with MRSA bacteria on their hands touches an object that another person then touches.MRSA bacteria can survive for a long time on surfaces and objects, including fabrics and door handles.In 2000, investigated how long resistant staph could survive on five common hospital fabrics. Experts are concerned about MRSA and other bacteria that have developed resistance to certain antibiotics. However, a growing awareness of hygiene procedures appears to have helped reduce the number of cases.In 2011, there were severe MRSA infections in the U.S.

And 11,285 deaths.However, from 2005 to 2014, the (CDC) estimate that the overall number of invasive MRSA infections fell by 40%, and the number of cases that started in healthcare settings fell by 65%. They note that this decrease is probably due to improved guidelines relating to hygiene and contact. In some cases, previously having had an MRSA infection can put you at risk of a repeat infection. Many times, the MRSA bacteria causing the repeat infection are the same type that caused the initial infection.have found that up to 70% of people who have had a community-acquired MRSA infection of the skin or soft tissue will experience a repeat infection within 1 year.These repeat infections may put you at a of a more complicated or invasive infection.In fact, one found that 43% of people who reported a repeat infection went to the hospital for treatment.

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Additionally, a repeat infection requires additional use of antibiotics, which can increase the risk of further resistance.Jill Seladi-Schulman, Ph.D. Answers represent the opinions of our medical experts. All content is strictly informational and should not be considered medical advice.

This book is an extensively researched and detailed review of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) by Maryn McKenna, a journalist and the former Centers for Disease Control and Prevention beat reporter for the Atlanta Journal Constitution. Although McKenna has a background in science reporting, she infused this work with drama, an approach that will draw in some readers but be off-putting to others. To the reader familiar with MRSA, the use of hyperbole coupled with factual inaccuracies leaves one wondering where truth stops and fiction begins. These shortcomings may keep this work off scholarly reading lists.Most chapters include case presentations that emphasize the emotional toll wrought by MRSA infections.

The cases effectively introduce topics such as MRSA in athletes and other risk groups, MRSA in animals, and postinfluenza MRSA pneumonia. The chapter on infections caused by the 80/81 strain of S.

Aureus in the 1950s is particularly useful because it demonstrates parallels between the 1950s epidemic and the USA300 clone of MRSA today. However, McKenna infers that the 80/81 strain disappearance was caused by use of antistaphylococcal drugs and not natural events.

Although 80/81 did disappear after the introduction of methicillin, the cause of the strain’s disappearance is largely unknown.The community-onset MRSA epidemic of the past decade is not presented with a clear timeline. As a result, the reader is unclear if the incidence of disease is still increasing, has leveled, or is decreasing and could further parallel incidence of the 80/81 strain.The chapter on healthcare-associated infections is MRSA centric and misses excellent opportunities to frame these infections and problems such as antimicrobial drug resistance and overuse in a broader context. The challenges of MRSA prevention are not balanced with other infection prevention priorities such as control of multidrug-resistant gram-negative pathogens and Clostridium difficile. Active surveillance to identify MRSA carriers is emphasized more than hand hygiene. Legislation mandating MRSA screening is discussed without explaining why major infection prevention organizations believe such legislation is unwise.Some of the physicians, researchers, and other heroes in the MRSA story are appropriately praised.

Failings of physicians and the healthcare establishments are deservedly criticized. However, there is no call to arms over some of the most egregious medical failures, such as poor hand hygiene compliance and unwise antimicrobial drug use. The reader is left frustrated about the inability of the medical establishment to control MRSA.The book attempts to appeal to a broad audience, and although McKenna uses a lot of medical jargon, she effectively explains concepts such as antimicrobial drug mechanisms and molecular typing. Her style and the human interest stories will appeal to a lay audience, particularly consumer advocates. The historical background and scientific detail may appeal to healthcare professionals interested in infectious diseases or public health. However, the main goal of the book appears to be to scare the reader about the “Superbug.” In this regard, McKenna succeeds.